Turkic History: 2/3 - PolledHistory

 Hello!

This is rhe first blog outside ReformedChildren to be posted since the new schedule change. 

This episode will continue the series and cover from the end of the turkic migrations until the Fall of Constantinople.

In the early 11th century, a Turkic chieftain known as Tughril, now a Muslim, began to conquer large swathes of territory in Persia and Turkmenistan , quickly taking good parts of the Middle East and forming the Seljuk Empire centered around the city of Ishafan, modern day Iran.

His sucessors made conquests west, defeating the Byzantine empire at Manzikert (1071) which asserted control over Turkey and taking Jerusalem from the Fatimids, and blocked Christian pilgrimage there. This prohibition caused the Byzantine emperor Alexios to call for European support in retaking lost regions, including Anatolia and Jerusalem.

The First Crusade was launched and Jerusalem fell. The Seljuks stopped making much conquests they began to decline (a common theme of quickly declining in quickly rising empires) by the advent of the 13th century. 

Now, the Turks were modtly present in Anatolia. The ethnic group was widespread, and during the 13th century the Delhi Sultanate was established in South Asia and,in 1299, some Turks in northwest Anatolia began the Ottoman Empire, under their first sultan Osman I. The 14th centurynsaw Ottomsn expansion into Europe, taking Adrianople, renamed to Edirne. Timur, a Turkic warlord, then started the very short lived Timurid empire, which at its height practically owned the entire Middle East and parts of Central and South Asia,  threatening the Ottoman Empire to extinction, yet it disintegrated. 

Following the giant loss against the Timurids in 1402 where the Ottoman sultan Bayezid was kidnapped, the Ottomans resurged, and finally in 1453 after several failed sieges, Mehmed II conquered Constantinople, modern day Istanbul.


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